After selecting the data file to be scored, the QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0 scores the data
using QualityMetric scoring algorithms that consist of rules defining the numeric coding of responses to survey items and
the formulas for combining item scores to produce scale and summary scores.
Scoring your data with the QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0 provides:
-
A scored data file
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More standard features, including Missing Data Estimation (MDE), Data Quality Evaluation (DQE), predicted medical expenditure risk, and first stage depression screening
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Any of two individual-patient reports and any of five group-level aggregate reports (Click here to see samples of these reports)
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Multi-user capabilities
To improve the ease of score interpretation, QualityMetric applies norm-based scoring (NBS) to all of adult QualityMetric™ Health Surveys.
Scoring is standardized using the means and standard deviations obtained from the 1998 U.S. general population. The 1990 U.S. population norms
can be selected for the original versions of the SF-36® Health Survey and SF-12® Health Survey if preferred. (The SF-10™ Health
Survey for Children is scored using 2006 normative data.) By transforming scores to have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10 in the U.S.
general population, it is not necessary to recall a different set of means and standard deviations for the eight health domain scales and the
two component summary measures for purposes of comparison to U.S. general population norms. For example, any score above 50 is above the population
mean and any score below 50 is below the population mean. With NBS, comparisons across all health domain scales and component measure scores can be
made directly.
The QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0 allows users of either version of the SF-36® Health Survey to make "backward"
or "forward" comparisons of their scores to scores obtained on the alternate version of the measure. For example, if a user has recently
adopted the SF-36v2™ Health Survey into a study but would like to compare the data obtained on this form to data collected in the past using the
original SF-36® Health Survey, this software can provide "backward" translation. That is, an estimate of the health domain scale scores
on the original SF-36® Health Survey from the actual data obtained on the SF-36v2™ Health Survey. Alternatively, a user might want
to make a "forward" translation of their SF-36® Health Survey data scored on the 0-100 metric to take advantage of the current norm-based
scoring (NBS) method.
With the QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0, an evaluation of data quality is conducted when a data file is submitted using a minimum
of five indicators:
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Completeness of Data
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Responses within Range
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Estimable Scores
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Convergent Validity
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Discriminant Validity
A Data Quality Evaluator (DQE) report is a standard component of the QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0. A full summary report
specifying the outcomes for each data quality indicator is also available. This additional Data Quality Evaluation Report allows users to more readily
identify the source of potential problems and thus, correct them when possible. At this time, the software does not provide a DQE report for the
SF-10™ Health Survey for Children.
Missing Data Estimation (MDE), a value-added standard feature of the QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0,
applies advanced scoring algorithms which vastly improve methods of data recovery, making it possible to calculate health domain
scale and component summary measure scores for many respondents not answering every survey item and for whom scores would be missing
using standard scoring algorithms. MDE is essential for optimizing use of partial data files for more cost-effective measurement of
treatment efficacy, disease burden, and risk profiling member populations. An MDE report is not available for the SF-10™
Health Survey for Children.
For users of either version of the SF-36® Health Survey or either version of the SF-12® Health Survey,
the QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software 2.0 offers health state Utility Index scoring based on the method developed by Brazier and his colleagues
(1998, 2002). Although the SF-36® Health Survey was not originally designed for use in economic evaluations, research
has shown that a meaningful health state classification, called the Utility Index, can be created by applying a scoring method that focuses on seven of the original eight health
domains covered by the SF-36® Health Survey. The resulting Utility Index, scored from 0.0 (worst health state) to 1.0
(best health state), can be used in the assessment of the cost-effectiveness of various healthcare interventions and quality
adjusted life years (QALYs). At present, the Utility Index can only be calculated for users of either version of the SF-36® Health Survey
or either version of the SF-12® Health Survey.
The Utility Index is not available for the SF-10™ Health Survey for Children.
| Survey |
Recall Periods |
Health Domain Scale Scores |
Component Summary Measure Scores |
| 4-week |
1-week |
24-hour |
0-100 |
NBS |
NBS |
| SF-36® Health Survey |
 |
|
NA |
|
|
|
| SF-36v2™ Health Survey |
|
|
NA |
|
|
|
| SF-12® Health Survey |
|
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| SF-12v2™ Health Survey |
|
|
NA |
NA |
|
|
| SF-8™ Health Survey |
|
|
|
NA |
|
|
| Survey |
Norms |
DQE |
Utility Index |
MDE |
| 1990 |
1998 |
Health Domain Scale Scores |
Component Summary Measure Scores |
| SF-36® Health Survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| SF-36v2™ Health Survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| SF-12® Health Survey |
|
|
|
|
NA |
|
| SF-12v2™ Health Survey |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| SF-8™ Health Survey |
|
|
|
NA |
NA |
|
The SF-10™ Health Survey for Children items use a 4-week recall period. Administration of the survey yields norm-based
scores on the Physical Health Summary (PhS-10) and Psychosocial Summary (PsS-10) measures. DQE, MDE, and Utility Index are not available
for the SF-10™ Health Survey for Children.
Technical Requirements
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Pentium 233 megahertz (MHz) processor or faster (300 MHz is recommended)
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At least 64 megabytes (MB) of RAM (128 MB is recommended)
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At least 100 megabytes (MB) of available space on the hard disk
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CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive
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Video adapter and monitor with Super VGA (800 x 600)or higher resolution
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A modern processor (at least 800MHz1)
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At least 100 megabytes (MB) of available space on the hard disk
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512 MB of system memory
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A graphics processor that is DirectX 9 capable
The application also requires that version 2.0 of the Microsoft .NET Framework and the Microsoft Installer (MSI)
version 3 be installed. Both are included in the installer.
-
Supported Operating Systems:
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Windows Vista (32 Bit version only)*
-
Windows Server 2003**
-
Windows XP***
*QualityMetric Health Outcomes™ Scoring Software is currently only supported on 32-bit versions of Windows Vista.
**Requires the latest version of the Microsoft .NET Framework, which is included with
the software and is available for download from
www.microsoft.com.
***Requires Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 or higher.
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Related Information
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